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Difference between revisions of "DHCP Pool configuration"

 
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| Name || 4/6 || Yes || It is the pool name to distinguish from others.
 
| Name || 4/6 || Yes || It is the pool name to distinguish from others.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Lease Time || 4 || Yes || It is the [[Lease time]].
+
| Lease Time || 4 || Yes || It is the [[DHCPv4 Lease Time]].
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Preferred Time || 6 || Yes || It is the [[DHCPv6 lifetime | Preferred Lifetime ]].
 
| Preferred Time || 6 || Yes || It is the [[DHCPv6 lifetime | Preferred Lifetime ]].
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|-
 
|-
 
| 6 || No || '''Stateful DHCPv6 service''': You must enable the Stateful DHCPv6 service to assign IP addresses to clients. Please refer to the [[Stateful vs stateless DHCPv6]] for more.
 
| 6 || No || '''Stateful DHCPv6 service''': You must enable the Stateful DHCPv6 service to assign IP addresses to clients. Please refer to the [[Stateful vs stateless DHCPv6]] for more.
−
|-
 
−
| Failover || 4/6 || No || Choose one of [[DHCP Failover | DHCP Failover groups]]. Choose one of the DHCP Failover groups. If no failover group exists, you may configure it later.
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Status || 4/6 || Yes || "Disable" means that the pool is created but not service from it.
 
| Status || 4/6 || Yes || "Disable" means that the pool is created but not service from it.
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It shows all IP addresses that are in use or were in use by click the name or the [[File:edit-icon.png|20px|IP Address List]] icon on an IP Address Pool.
 
It shows all IP addresses that are in use or were in use by click the name or the [[File:edit-icon.png|20px|IP Address List]] icon on an IP Address Pool.
 
For more information about the IP Address list, Please refer to the [[IP Address list]] section.
 
For more information about the IP Address list, Please refer to the [[IP Address list]] section.
 +
  
 
==== DHCP Reservation ====
 
==== DHCP Reservation ====
 
The DHCP Reservation enables hosts can be assigned the same IP address every time in the same subnet.
 
The DHCP Reservation enables hosts can be assigned the same IP address every time in the same subnet.
 +
in a DHCPv4, the reservation consists of an IPv4 address and the [[MAC Address]] of a host. in a DHCPv6, the reservation should contain an IPv6 address, [[DUID and IAID | DUID]], and [[DUID and IAID | IAID]] of a host.
 +
 +
===== Auto Reservation =====
 +
As mentioned in the preference of the "New DHCP Pool" table, if you enable the "Auto Reservation" of a DHCP Pool, an IP address of the DHCP Pool is reserved automatically after assigning it to a host. If IP addresses that were automatically reserved are not using more than a specific day, the addresses will be deleting. The specific day is "[[DHCP Settings - General | Dormant DHCP Reservation]]"
 +
{{note|"Auto Reservation" is configured in each DHCP pool.}}
 +
 +
===== UserName Reservation =====
 +
The UserName Reservation enables a host to be assigned an IP address based on the User-Name of the RADIUS attribute.
 +
A host is assigned a reserved IP address for the User-Name that was authenticated and authorized through the imRAD RADIUS.
 +
If a [[NAS]] does not send the [[RADIUS Log | Accounting]], It can't accomplish the User-Name Reservation.
 +
 +
If you want to reserve an IP address, click the last icon([[File:dhcp_menu_icon.PNG|70px|icon]]) on a DHCP pool. And then, select the "Add DHCP Reservation" on the dropdown menu. If a DHCP pool is for the IPv4, you can only reserve an IPv4 address.
  
−
임대 예약이란 특정 호스트에게 항상 동일한 IP 주소를 임대하고 다른 호스트에는 그 주소를 임대하지 않게하기위해
 
−
관리자가 호스트에 IP 주소를 사전에 할당하는것을 의미합니다.<br>
 
−
에약 IP 주소를 등록하려면 예약 IP 주소가 포함될 범위에서 [[File:dhcp_menu_icon.PNG|70px|메뉴 아이콘]]의 세 번째 아이콘을 클릭 후 "DHCP 예약 등록"을 클릭하면 IP 주소를 예약 할 수 있는 인터페이스가 제공됩니다.
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
−
! 항목 !! 버전 !! 필수 !! 설명
+
! style='width:150px' | Item !! Version !! Required !! Description
 
|-
 
|-
−
| DHCP 범위 || 4/6 || 예 || 예약될 IP 주소가 포함될 범위이며 자동으로 선택이되며 필요시 변경 할 수 있습니다.
+
| DHCP Pool || 4/6 || Yes || It is the DHCP Pool that will contain the IP address to be reserved.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| IP 주소 || 4/6 || 예 || 예약 하려는 IPv4 또는 IPv6 주소를 의미하며 subnet은 허용되지 않습니다(예, 1.1.1.10/31)
+
| IP Address || 4/6 || Yes || It is the IP address to be reserved.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 사용자 이름 예약 || 4/6 || 아니오 || 아래 Radius 사용자 이름 설명을 참고하세요.
+
| User-Name Reserv. || 4/6 || No || To reserve an IP address based on the RADIUS User-Name, turn on this.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| MAC 주소 || 4  || 예,아니오 || IPv4 주소를 예약 할 DHCP 클라이언트의 MAC 주소(Link-Layer, Physical address)를 입력하여야 하며<br> "사용자 이름 예약"이 선택되면 이 주소는 입력 할 필요 없습니다.
+
| [[MAC Address]]  || 4  || Yes, No || It shows this field only when you reserve an IPv4 Address. You must input the [[MAC Address]] of a host that will be assigned the IPv4 Address.
 +
If you turn on the User-Name Reserv, you don't need to input this.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| DUID  || 6 || 예,아니오 || IPv6 주소를 예약 할 DHCP 클라이언트의 [[DUID]]를 입력하여야 하며<br> "사용자 이름 예약"이 선택되면 이 주소는 입력 할 필요 없습니다.
+
| DUID, IAID || 6 || Yes, No || It shows this field only when you reserve an IPv6 Address. You must input the [[DUID and IAID | DUID]] and [[DUID and IAID | IAID]] of a host that will be assigned the IPv6 Address.
 +
If you turn on the User-Name Reserv, you don't need to input this.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| IAID || 6  || 예,아니오 || IPv6 주소를 예약 할 DHCP 클라이언트의 [[IAID]]를 입력하여야 하며<br> "사용자 이름 예약"이 선택되면 이 주소는 입력 할 필요 없습니다.
+
| RADIUS Username || 4/6  || Yes, No || If you turn on the User-Name Reserv, you must input the User-Name to be authenticated through the imRAD RADIUS.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Radius 사용자 이름 || 4/6  || 예,아니오 || 사용자 이름 예약이 선택된 경우 RADIUS를 통해 인증될 클라이언트의 User-Name을 입력하세요.
+
| Description || 4/6  || No || It is the description of the reservation.  
−
|-
 
−
| 설명 || 4/6  || 아니오 || 예약에 대한 설명을 입력하세요.
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
 +
If an IP address is automatically reserved by the "Auto Reservation" preference in a DHCP pool, the description of a reservation is written as "AUTO Reservation".
  
−
DHCPv4 환경에서는 예약하려는 IPv4 주소와 MAC 주소(Link-layer address or Physical address) 그리고 설명을 입력 후 저장하세요.<br>
+
If you click the "Reservation" tab after expanding the DHCP pool that includes the reserved IP addresses, It shows all the reserved. You can edit or delete a reserved IP address at the list.
−
이렇게 DHCPv4 환경에서는 예약된 MAC 주소를 가지는 클라이언트가 주소를 요청할 경우 그 MAC 주소에 예약된 IPv4 주소를 임대하며 다른 호스트에는 그 주소를 임대하지 않습니다.<br><br>
 
−
DHCPv6 환경에서는 MAC 주소가 아닌 [[DUID]]와 [[IAID]]를 클라이언트 식별자로 인식하므로 반드시 두 값을 IPv6 주소와 함께 입력후 저장해야 합니다.<br>
 
−
이렇게 저장된 예약 정보는 DHCP 범위를 확장 후 두 번째 탭인 "예약"을 클릭하면 확인 할 수 있으며 우측 아이콘을 클릭해 수정 혹은 삭제를 할 수 있습니다.<br>
 
−
설명에 "AUTO Reservation"이랴고 기록된 경우는 DHCP 범위 속성의 "자동 예약" 옵션이 설정되어 클라이언트에 IP 주소 임대 후 그 주소가 자동으로 에약된 것을 의미합니다.<br>
 
−
 
 
−
===== 사용자 이름 예약 =====
 
−
MAC 주소 혹은 DUID/IAID 대신 RADIUS 사용자 이름(User-Name)에 따라 IP 주소 임대 할 수 있습니다.<br>
 
−
이 기능은 사용자가 어떠한 호스트에 위치하던지 imRAD RADIUS 기능을 통해 예약된 User-Name이 인증되면 예약된 IP 주소를 할당 받게 할 수 있습니다.<br> 단, 서로 다른 호스트에 동일 User-Name으로 로그인 한 경우 이전 IP 주소의 상태가 임대 가능 상태로 전환된 이후에 동일한 IP주소를 또 다른 호스트에 임대 할 수 있습니다.<br>
 
−
이 서비스가 이뤄지려면 [[DHCP 일반 설정]]의 RADIUS 사용자 이름 기반 예약이 선택되어야합니다.
 
  
 +
==== DHCP Exclusion ====
 +
The DHCP Exclusion defines the range of IP address that should not be assigned.
 +
Some network devices need to use statically assigned IP addresses. If such IP addresses are in a DHCP pool, you must exclude them from the pool.
  
−
==== 임대 제외 ====
+
If you want to add an exclusion range, click the last icon([[File:dhcp_menu_icon.PNG|70px|icon]]) on a DHCP pool. And then, select the "Add DHCP Exclusion" on the dropdown menu. The exclusion range should be inside of the IP Address pools.
−
임대에서 제회 할 IP 주소 범위를 등록하려면 범위의 [[File:dhcp_menu_icon.PNG|70px|메뉴 아이콘]]의 세 번째 아이콘을 클릭 후 "DHCP 제외 등록"을 클릭하면 제외할 IP 주소 범위를 등록 할 수 있는 인터페이스가 제공됩니다.<br>
 
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
−
! 항목 !! 필수 !! 설명
+
! style='width:150px' | Item !! Required !! Description
 
|-
 
|-
−
| DHCP 범위 || 예 || 제외될 범위가 포함될 DHCP 범위를 의미하며 자동으로 선택됩니다.
+
| DHCP Pool || Yes || It is the DHCP Pool that will contain the exclusion range.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 시작 IP 주소 || 예 || 제외될 범위의 시작 IP 주소입니다.
+
| Start IP || Yes || It is the first IP address to be excluded.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 마지막 IP 주소 || 예 || 시작 IP로 부터 제외될 범위의 개수를 의미합니다.
+
| Last IP || Yes || Input the number of IP address to be excluded from the start IP address.
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 설명 || 아니오 || 제외에 대한 설명을 입력하세요.
+
| Description || No || It is the description of the exclusion.  
 
|}
 
|}
  
  
−
==== DHCP 서버 옵션 ====
+
==== DHCP Server Options ====
−
[[DHCP 서버 옵션]]을 참고하세요.
+
You can specify DHCP Server options globally or exclusively for a specific DHCP pool.
 +
If you select the "Add DHCP Server Option" after click the last icon([[File:dhcp_menu_icon.PNG|70px|icon]]) on a DHCP pool, you can add a DHCP server option.
 +
 
 +
The [[DHCP Server option configuration]] section explains the details of the DHCP Server Options.
 +
 
 +
=== References ===

Latest revision as of 11:15, 9 August 2023

DHCP > DHCP Pool

DHCP Pool

A DHCP Pool is the set of IP address pools that will be assigned to the DHCP clients. You can add several address pools in a DHCP pool and each DHCP pool means the VLAN(Virtual local area networks).

If a DHCP server receives a DHCP request, the server assigns an IP address based on the subnet from which the message was received. If the client is on the same subnet as the server, the server selects an IP address from the DHCP pool that has the same subnet IP pool as the server's IP address and assigns it to the client. If the client is not on the same subnet as the server, the server selects an IP address from the DHCP pool that has the same subnet IP pool as the relay agent's IP address and assigns it to the client.

If a VLAN has multiple IP subnets, the IP address of the relay agent may the primary VLAN address. Therefore, a DHCP pool must contain the IP pool for the primary subnet.

The imRAD DHCP server can assign IP addresses randomly or sequentially and you can configure it at the DHCP > Settings > General.
The rfc 7721 recommends the random assignment. Thus, these addresses can be considered to be "stable, semantically opaque".[1]

New DHCP Pool

You can create a new DHCP pool and an IP address pool by click the "Create New DHCP pool" button at the right top of the DHCP pool list.

Items DHCP Version Required Description
DHCP Version Yes Choose the DHCP version.
Name 4/6 Yes It is the pool name to distinguish from others.
Lease Time 4 Yes It is the DHCPv4 Lease Time.
Preferred Time 6 Yes It is the Preferred Lifetime .
Valid Time 6 Yes It is the Valid Lifetime .
Preferences 4/6 No Auto Reservation: If you enable it, an IP address that was assigned to a host is automatically reserved for the host.
6 No Stateful DHCPv6 service: You must enable the Stateful DHCPv6 service to assign IP addresses to clients. Please refer to the Stateful vs stateless DHCPv6 for more.
Status 4/6 Yes "Disable" means that the pool is created but not service from it.
Identity Association 6 Yes Choose one of them.
Default Gateway / Subnet 4 Yes Input the IPv4 gateway address and the bit number of subnet between 1 and 30.
Prefix 6 Yes Input the prefix of the IPv6 address.
Start IP 4/6 Yes Input the first IP address to be assigned.
Range Count 4/6 Yes Input the total number of IP addresses in the pool.
Additional IP Address Pool

If a VLAN is configured with several secondary VLANs, you must add them all into a DHCP pool. If you click the last icon(icon) on a DHCP pool, it shows a dropdown menu. And then, select the "Add IP Address pool" menu to add more IP address pools in a DHCP pool. If a DHCP pool has an IPv4 address pool, you can not add an IPv6 address pool but only an IPv4 address pool and vice versa.

IP Address Pool List

You can view all the DHCP pools and their summary information, and if you click the name of a DHCP pool, It shows and hides all IP address pools in the DHCP pool. The following table shows the description of several items on the list.

Item Description
Lease Time It indicates the lease time of a DHCPv4 pool or the preferred time and valid time of a DHCPv6 pool.

If the preferred time is the same as the valid time, It only shows the preferred time.

Preferences If the Auto Reservation or the Stateful DHCPv6 is set, display each.
Range Count IP Address Pool It is the total number of IP Address Pools in a DHCP pool.
Available It indicates that the total number of available IP addresses in a DHCP pool.

The total number of IP addresses minus the "Allocated" equals the "Available".

Allocated It is the total number of allocated IP addresses.
Reservation It is the total number of reserved IP addresses.
Exclusion It is the total number of excluded IP addresses.

If you click the first icon of icon on a DHCP pool, it shows the assignment of IP addresses in a DHCP pool in real-time.
If you want to change the values(i.e. Name, the Lease time, Preferences, Failover) of a DHCP pool, click the second icon of icon.
If you want to change the Status, Default Gateway, Start IP, or Range count of an IP Address Pool, click the icon(i.e. Edit2-icon.png) on the right of each IP Address Pool.

IP Address List

It shows all IP addresses that are in use or were in use by click the name or the IP Address List icon on an IP Address Pool. For more information about the IP Address list, Please refer to the IP Address list section.


DHCP Reservation

The DHCP Reservation enables hosts can be assigned the same IP address every time in the same subnet. in a DHCPv4, the reservation consists of an IPv4 address and the MAC Address of a host. in a DHCPv6, the reservation should contain an IPv6 address, DUID, and IAID of a host.

Auto Reservation

As mentioned in the preference of the "New DHCP Pool" table, if you enable the "Auto Reservation" of a DHCP Pool, an IP address of the DHCP Pool is reserved automatically after assigning it to a host. If IP addresses that were automatically reserved are not using more than a specific day, the addresses will be deleting. The specific day is " Dormant DHCP Reservation"

"Auto Reservation" is configured in each DHCP pool.

UserName Reservation

The UserName Reservation enables a host to be assigned an IP address based on the User-Name of the RADIUS attribute. A host is assigned a reserved IP address for the User-Name that was authenticated and authorized through the imRAD RADIUS. If a NAS does not send the Accounting, It can't accomplish the User-Name Reservation.

If you want to reserve an IP address, click the last icon(icon) on a DHCP pool. And then, select the "Add DHCP Reservation" on the dropdown menu. If a DHCP pool is for the IPv4, you can only reserve an IPv4 address.

Item Version Required Description
DHCP Pool 4/6 Yes It is the DHCP Pool that will contain the IP address to be reserved.
IP Address 4/6 Yes It is the IP address to be reserved.
User-Name Reserv. 4/6 No To reserve an IP address based on the RADIUS User-Name, turn on this.
MAC Address 4 Yes, No It shows this field only when you reserve an IPv4 Address. You must input the MAC Address of a host that will be assigned the IPv4 Address.

If you turn on the User-Name Reserv, you don't need to input this.

DUID, IAID 6 Yes, No It shows this field only when you reserve an IPv6 Address. You must input the DUID and IAID of a host that will be assigned the IPv6 Address.

If you turn on the User-Name Reserv, you don't need to input this.

RADIUS Username 4/6 Yes, No If you turn on the User-Name Reserv, you must input the User-Name to be authenticated through the imRAD RADIUS.
Description 4/6 No It is the description of the reservation.

If an IP address is automatically reserved by the "Auto Reservation" preference in a DHCP pool, the description of a reservation is written as "AUTO Reservation".

If you click the "Reservation" tab after expanding the DHCP pool that includes the reserved IP addresses, It shows all the reserved. You can edit or delete a reserved IP address at the list.

DHCP Exclusion

The DHCP Exclusion defines the range of IP address that should not be assigned. Some network devices need to use statically assigned IP addresses. If such IP addresses are in a DHCP pool, you must exclude them from the pool.

If you want to add an exclusion range, click the last icon(icon) on a DHCP pool. And then, select the "Add DHCP Exclusion" on the dropdown menu. The exclusion range should be inside of the IP Address pools.

Item Required Description
DHCP Pool Yes It is the DHCP Pool that will contain the exclusion range.
Start IP Yes It is the first IP address to be excluded.
Last IP Yes Input the number of IP address to be excluded from the start IP address.
Description No It is the description of the exclusion.


DHCP Server Options

You can specify DHCP Server options globally or exclusively for a specific DHCP pool. If you select the "Add DHCP Server Option" after click the last icon(icon) on a DHCP pool, you can add a DHCP server option.

The DHCP Server option configuration section explains the details of the DHCP Server Options.

References

  1. ↑ https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7721#section-4.7