| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
==== DHCP Pool ==== | ==== DHCP Pool ==== | ||
| − | + | A DHCP Pool is the set of IP address pools that will be assigned to the DHCP clients. You can add several address pools in a DHCP pool and each DHCP pool means the VLAN(Virtual local area networks). | |
If a DHCP server receives a DHCP request, the server assigns an IP address based on the subnet from which the message was received. | If a DHCP server receives a DHCP request, the server assigns an IP address based on the subnet from which the message was received. | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
===== New DHCP Pool ===== | ===== New DHCP Pool ===== | ||
| − | You can create a new DHCP pool by click the "Create New DHCP pool" button at the right top of the DHCP pool list. | + | You can create a new DHCP pool and an IP address pool by click the "Create New DHCP pool" button at the right top of the DHCP pool list. |
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | ! Items !! DHCP Version !! Required !! Description | + | ! style='width:200px' | Items !! DHCP Version !! Required !! Description |
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="2" | DHCP Version || Yes || Choose the DHCP version. | | colspan="2" | DHCP Version || Yes || Choose the DHCP version. | ||
| Line 30: | Line 30: | ||
| Valid Time || 6 || Yes || It is the [[DHCPv6 lifetime | Valid Lifetime ]]. | | Valid Time || 6 || Yes || It is the [[DHCPv6 lifetime | Valid Lifetime ]]. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | rowspan="2" | Preferences || 4/6 || No || Auto Reservation: | + | | rowspan="2" | Preferences || 4/6 || No || '''Auto Reservation''': If you enable it, an IP address that was assigned to a host is automatically reserved for the host. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | 6 || No || | + | | 6 || No || '''Stateful DHCPv6 service''': You must enable the Stateful DHCPv6 service to assign IP addresses to clients. Please refer to the [[Stateful vs stateless DHCPv6]] for more. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | Failover || 4/6 || No || | + | | Failover || 4/6 || No || Choose one of [[DHCP Failover | DHCP Failover groups]]. Choose one of the DHCP Failover groups. If no failover group exists, you may configure it later. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | Status || 4/6 || Yes || "Disable" means that the pool is created but not service from it. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | Identity | + | | Identity Association || 6 || Yes || Choose one of them. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | Default Gateway / Subnet || 4 || Yes || Input the IPv4 gateway address and the bit number of subnet between 1 and 30. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | Prefix || 6 || Yes || | + | | Prefix || 6 || Yes || Input the prefix of the IPv6 address. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | Start IP || 4/6 || Yes || Input the first IP address to be assigned. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | Range Count || 4/6 || Yes || Input the total number of IP addresses in the pool. |
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
| − | ===== | + | ===== Additional IP Address Pool ===== |
| − | + | If a VLAN is configured with several secondary VLANs, you must add them all into a DHCP pool. | |
| − | + | If you click the last icon([[File:dhcp_menu_icon.PNG|70px|icon]]) on a DHCP pool, it shows a dropdown menu. | |
| + | And then, select the "Add IP Address pool" menu to add more IP address pools in a DHCP pool. | ||
| + | If a DHCP pool has an IPv4 address pool, you can not add an IPv6 address pool but only an IPv4 address pool and vice versa. | ||
| + | ===== IP Address Pool List ===== | ||
| + | You can view all the DHCP pools and their summary information, and if you click the name of a DHCP pool, It shows and hides all IP address pools in the DHCP pool. | ||
| + | The following table shows the description of several items on the list. | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
| − | ! colspan="2" | | + | ! colspan="2" style='width:150px' | Item !! Description |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | colspan="2" | Lease Time || It indicates the lease time of a DHCPv4 pool or the preferred time and valid time of a DHCPv6 pool. |
| + | If the preferred time is the same as the valid time, It only shows the preferred time. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | colspan="2" | Preferences || If the Auto Reservation or the Stateful DHCPv6 is set, display each. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | rowspan="5" | | + | | rowspan="5" | Range Count || IP Address Pool || It is the total number of IP Address Pools in a DHCP pool. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | Available || It indicates that the total number of available IP addresses in a DHCP pool. |
| + | The total number of IP addresses minus the [[DHCP Terminology(Allocation, lease, availability, and so on) | "Allocated"]] equals the "Available". | ||
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | Allocated || It is the total number of [[DHCP Terminology(Allocation, lease, availability, and so on) | allocated ]] IP addresses. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | Reservation || It is the total number of reserved IP addresses. |
|- | |- | ||
| − | | | + | | Exclusion || It is the total number of excluded IP addresses. |
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
| − | DHCP | + | If you click the first icon of [[File:dhcp_menu_icon.PNG|70px|icon]] on a DHCP pool, it shows the assignment of IP addresses in a DHCP pool in real-time.<br> |
| − | + | If you want to change the values(i.e. Name, the Lease time, Preferences, Failover) of a DHCP pool, click the second icon of [[File:dhcp_menu_icon.PNG|70px|icon]].<br> | |
| + | If you want to change the Status, Default Gateway, Start IP, or Range count of an IP Address Pool, click the icon(i.e. [[File:edit2-icon.png|20px]]) on the right of each IP Address Pool. | ||
| − | + | ===== IP Address List ===== | |
| + | It shows all IP addresses that are in use or were in use by click the name or the [[File:edit-icon.png|20px|IP Address List]] icon on an IP Address Pool. | ||
| + | For more information about the IP Address list, Please refer to the [[IP Address list]] section. | ||
| − | ==== | + | ==== DHCP Reservation ==== |
| − | + | The DHCP Reservation enables hosts can be assigned the same IP address every time in the same subnet. | |
| − | |||
| − | |||
임대 예약이란 특정 호스트에게 항상 동일한 IP 주소를 임대하고 다른 호스트에는 그 주소를 임대하지 않게하기위해 | 임대 예약이란 특정 호스트에게 항상 동일한 IP 주소를 임대하고 다른 호스트에는 그 주소를 임대하지 않게하기위해 | ||
관리자가 호스트에 IP 주소를 사전에 할당하는것을 의미합니다.<br> | 관리자가 호스트에 IP 주소를 사전에 할당하는것을 의미합니다.<br> | ||
Revision as of 15:24, 14 April 2021
DHCP > DHCP Pool
DHCP Pool
A DHCP Pool is the set of IP address pools that will be assigned to the DHCP clients. You can add several address pools in a DHCP pool and each DHCP pool means the VLAN(Virtual local area networks).
If a DHCP server receives a DHCP request, the server assigns an IP address based on the subnet from which the message was received. If the client is on the same subnet as the server, the server selects an IP address from the DHCP pool that has the same subnet IP pool as the server's IP address and assigns it to the client. If the client is not on the same subnet as the server, the server selects an IP address from the DHCP pool that has the same subnet IP pool as the relay agent's IP address and assigns it to the client.
If a VLAN has multiple IP subnets, the IP address of the relay agent may the primary VLAN address. Therefore, a DHCP pool must contain the IP pool for the primary subnet.
The imRAD DHCP server can assign IP addresses randomly or sequentially and you can configure it at the DHCP > Settings > General.
The rfc 7721 recommends the random assignment. Thus, these addresses can be considered to be "stable, semantically opaque".[1]
New DHCP Pool
You can create a new DHCP pool and an IP address pool by click the "Create New DHCP pool" button at the right top of the DHCP pool list.
| Items | DHCP Version | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| DHCP Version | Yes | Choose the DHCP version. | |
| Name | 4/6 | Yes | It is the pool name to distinguish from others. |
| Lease Time | 4 | Yes | It is the Lease time. |
| Preferred Time | 6 | Yes | It is the Preferred Lifetime . |
| Valid Time | 6 | Yes | It is the Valid Lifetime . |
| Preferences | 4/6 | No | Auto Reservation: If you enable it, an IP address that was assigned to a host is automatically reserved for the host. |
| 6 | No | Stateful DHCPv6 service: You must enable the Stateful DHCPv6 service to assign IP addresses to clients. Please refer to the Stateful vs stateless DHCPv6 for more. | |
| Failover | 4/6 | No | Choose one of DHCP Failover groups. Choose one of the DHCP Failover groups. If no failover group exists, you may configure it later. |
| Status | 4/6 | Yes | "Disable" means that the pool is created but not service from it. |
| Identity Association | 6 | Yes | Choose one of them. |
| Default Gateway / Subnet | 4 | Yes | Input the IPv4 gateway address and the bit number of subnet between 1 and 30. |
| Prefix | 6 | Yes | Input the prefix of the IPv6 address. |
| Start IP | 4/6 | Yes | Input the first IP address to be assigned. |
| Range Count | 4/6 | Yes | Input the total number of IP addresses in the pool. |
Additional IP Address Pool
If a VLAN is configured with several secondary VLANs, you must add them all into a DHCP pool.
If you click the last icon(
) on a DHCP pool, it shows a dropdown menu.
And then, select the "Add IP Address pool" menu to add more IP address pools in a DHCP pool.
If a DHCP pool has an IPv4 address pool, you can not add an IPv6 address pool but only an IPv4 address pool and vice versa.
IP Address Pool List
You can view all the DHCP pools and their summary information, and if you click the name of a DHCP pool, It shows and hides all IP address pools in the DHCP pool. The following table shows the description of several items on the list.
| Item | Description | |
|---|---|---|
| Lease Time | It indicates the lease time of a DHCPv4 pool or the preferred time and valid time of a DHCPv6 pool.
If the preferred time is the same as the valid time, It only shows the preferred time. | |
| Preferences | If the Auto Reservation or the Stateful DHCPv6 is set, display each. | |
| Range Count | IP Address Pool | It is the total number of IP Address Pools in a DHCP pool. |
| Available | It indicates that the total number of available IP addresses in a DHCP pool.
The total number of IP addresses minus the "Allocated" equals the "Available". | |
| Allocated | It is the total number of allocated IP addresses. | |
| Reservation | It is the total number of reserved IP addresses. | |
| Exclusion | It is the total number of excluded IP addresses. | |
If you click the first icon of on a DHCP pool, it shows the assignment of IP addresses in a DHCP pool in real-time.
If you want to change the values(i.e. Name, the Lease time, Preferences, Failover) of a DHCP pool, click the second icon of .
If you want to change the Status, Default Gateway, Start IP, or Range count of an IP Address Pool, click the icon(i.e. 
) on the right of each IP Address Pool.
IP Address List
It shows all IP addresses that are in use or were in use by click the name or the 
icon on an IP Address Pool.
For more information about the IP Address list, Please refer to the IP Address list section.
DHCP Reservation
The DHCP Reservation enables hosts can be assigned the same IP address every time in the same subnet.
임대 예약이란 특정 호스트에게 항상 동일한 IP 주소를 임대하고 다른 호스트에는 그 주소를 임대하지 않게하기위해
관리자가 호스트에 IP 주소를 사전에 할당하는것을 의미합니다.
에약 IP 주소를 등록하려면 예약 IP 주소가 포함될 범위에서 의 세 번째 아이콘을 클릭 후 "DHCP 예약 등록"을 클릭하면 IP 주소를 예약 할 수 있는 인터페이스가 제공됩니다.
| 항목 | 버전 | 필수 | 설명 |
|---|---|---|---|
| DHCP 범위 | 4/6 | 예 | 예약될 IP 주소가 포함될 범위이며 자동으로 선택이되며 필요시 변경 할 수 있습니다. |
| IP 주소 | 4/6 | 예 | 예약 하려는 IPv4 또는 IPv6 주소를 의미하며 subnet은 허용되지 않습니다(예, 1.1.1.10/31) |
| 사용자 이름 예약 | 4/6 | 아니오 | 아래 Radius 사용자 이름 설명을 참고하세요. |
| MAC 주소 | 4 | 예,아니오 | IPv4 주소를 예약 할 DHCP 클라이언트의 MAC 주소(Link-Layer, Physical address)를 입력하여야 하며 "사용자 이름 예약"이 선택되면 이 주소는 입력 할 필요 없습니다. |
| DUID | 6 | 예,아니오 | IPv6 주소를 예약 할 DHCP 클라이언트의 DUID를 입력하여야 하며 "사용자 이름 예약"이 선택되면 이 주소는 입력 할 필요 없습니다. |
| IAID | 6 | 예,아니오 | IPv6 주소를 예약 할 DHCP 클라이언트의 IAID를 입력하여야 하며 "사용자 이름 예약"이 선택되면 이 주소는 입력 할 필요 없습니다. |
| Radius 사용자 이름 | 4/6 | 예,아니오 | 사용자 이름 예약이 선택된 경우 RADIUS를 통해 인증될 클라이언트의 User-Name을 입력하세요. |
| 설명 | 4/6 | 아니오 | 예약에 대한 설명을 입력하세요. |
DHCPv4 환경에서는 예약하려는 IPv4 주소와 MAC 주소(Link-layer address or Physical address) 그리고 설명을 입력 후 저장하세요.
이렇게 DHCPv4 환경에서는 예약된 MAC 주소를 가지는 클라이언트가 주소를 요청할 경우 그 MAC 주소에 예약된 IPv4 주소를 임대하며 다른 호스트에는 그 주소를 임대하지 않습니다.
DHCPv6 환경에서는 MAC 주소가 아닌 DUID와 IAID를 클라이언트 식별자로 인식하므로 반드시 두 값을 IPv6 주소와 함께 입력후 저장해야 합니다.
이렇게 저장된 예약 정보는 DHCP 범위를 확장 후 두 번째 탭인 "예약"을 클릭하면 확인 할 수 있으며 우측 아이콘을 클릭해 수정 혹은 삭제를 할 수 있습니다.
설명에 "AUTO Reservation"이랴고 기록된 경우는 DHCP 범위 속성의 "자동 예약" 옵션이 설정되어 클라이언트에 IP 주소 임대 후 그 주소가 자동으로 에약된 것을 의미합니다.
사용자 이름 예약
MAC 주소 혹은 DUID/IAID 대신 RADIUS 사용자 이름(User-Name)에 따라 IP 주소 임대 할 수 있습니다.
이 기능은 사용자가 어떠한 호스트에 위치하던지 imRAD RADIUS 기능을 통해 예약된 User-Name이 인증되면 예약된 IP 주소를 할당 받게 할 수 있습니다.
단, 서로 다른 호스트에 동일 User-Name으로 로그인 한 경우 이전 IP 주소의 상태가 임대 가능 상태로 전환된 이후에 동일한 IP주소를 또 다른 호스트에 임대 할 수 있습니다.
이 서비스가 이뤄지려면 DHCP 일반 설정의 RADIUS 사용자 이름 기반 예약이 선택되어야합니다.
임대 제외
임대에서 제회 할 IP 주소 범위를 등록하려면 범위의 의 세 번째 아이콘을 클릭 후 "DHCP 제외 등록"을 클릭하면 제외할 IP 주소 범위를 등록 할 수 있는 인터페이스가 제공됩니다.
| 항목 | 필수 | 설명 |
|---|---|---|
| DHCP 범위 | 예 | 제외될 범위가 포함될 DHCP 범위를 의미하며 자동으로 선택됩니다. |
| 시작 IP 주소 | 예 | 제외될 범위의 시작 IP 주소입니다. |
| 마지막 IP 주소 | 예 | 시작 IP로 부터 제외될 범위의 개수를 의미합니다. |
| 설명 | 아니오 | 제외에 대한 설명을 입력하세요. |
DHCP 서버 옵션
DHCP 서버 옵션을 참고하세요.